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Residential Schools AlterLinks Topic Index Aboriginal Ontario Historical Perspectives on the First Nations Resource Type: Book Published: 1994 Essays on the history of Ontario's native people. American Indian boarding schools Wikipedia article Resource Type: Article American Indian boarding schools were boarding schools established in the United States during the late 19th and early 20th centuries to educate Native American children and youths according to Euro-American standards. They were first established by Christian missionaries of various denominations, who often started schools on reservations and founded boarding schools to provide opportunities for children who did not have schools nearby. Baby remains found in mass grave at ex-Irish orphanage Resource Type: Article Published: 2017 Remains of children ranging from new-born to three-years-old discovered in the sewers of a former children's home run by the Roman Catholic Church. Broken Circle Resource Type: Film/Video Published: 2011 A two-part excerpt from Theodore Fontaine's book Broken Circle, a memoir of surviving the Fort Alexander Indian Residential School in Manitoba -- and pursuing his own path to healing. Canadian Indian residential school system Wikipedia article Resource Type: Article The Indian residential schools of "residential" (boarding) schools for Native Canadians (First Nations or "Indians"; Métis; and Inuit, formerly "Eskimos") funded by the Canadian government's Indian Affairs and Northern Department, and administered by Christian churches, most notably the Catholic Church in Canada and the Anglican Church of Canada. The system had origins in pre-Confederation times, but was primarily active following the passage of the Indian Act in 1876, until the mid-20th century. An amendment to the Indian Act made attendance of a day, industrial or residential school compulsory for First Nations children and, in some parts of the country, residential schools were the only option. Diminishing residential schools abuse? Resource Type: Article Published: 2014 Endemic rape and abuse of Irish children in Catholic care, inquiry finds Resource Type: Article Published: 2009 Beatings and humiliation by nuns and priests were common at institutions that held up to 30,000 children, Ryan report states. Former students allege psychological, physical and sexual abuse at Ont. Christian school Resource Type: Article Published: 2016 Alumni of Grenville Christian College in Brockville, Ontario recount disturbing stories, including allegations of physical, sexual and psychological abuse during the 1970s, 80's and 90's. Galway historian reveals truth behind 800 orphans in mass grave Resource Type: Unclassified Published: 2014 There is a growing international scandal around the history of The Home, a grim 1840's workhouse in Tuam in Galway built on seven acres that was taken over in 1925 by the Bon Secours sisters, who turned it into a Mother and Baby home for "fallen women." The long abandoned site made headlines around the world this week when it was revealed that a nearby septic tank contained the bodies of up to eight hundred infants and children, secretly buried without coffins or headstones on unconsecrated ground between 1925 and 1961. The Gladys We Never Knew Resource Type: Article Published: 2015 According to the Vital Statistics Act document entitled ''RETURN OF DEATH OF AN INDIAN,'' Gladys Chapman was 12 years, 10 months, and 12 days old on April 29, 1931, when she died in Royal Inland Hospital in Kamloops. Occupation of the deceased was listed as ''Schoolgirl.'' On her death certificate, Dr. M.G. Archibald reported ''acute dilation of heart'' as the cause of death, with tuberculosis as the secondary cause. The duration of death was “several days.” Honouring the Truth, Reconciling for the Future Summary of the final Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission Resource Type: Article Published: 2015 The summary of the final report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission: the product of a five-year process of hearing from survivors and compiling evidence. The report calls the schools agents of "cultural genocide" responsible for enormous abuses and lasting damage. It calls for education and reconciliation; according to commission head Murray Sinclair, "The survivors need to know that, having been heard and understood, that we will act to ensure the repair of damages is done." Hundreds of Scottish Orphanage Children Allegedly Buried in Mass Grave High infant mortality rate and allegations of abuse raise suspicions of Smyllum Park in Lanark, once run by Catholic nuns Resource Type: Article Published: 2017 The Scottish child abuse inquiry is to investigate claims that the bodies of at least 400 children from an orphanage once run by Catholic nuns are buried in an unmarked mass grave.The Smyllum Park orphanage in Lanark operated from 1864 to 1981. I Have Lived Here Since the World Began An Illustrated History of Canada's Native People Resource Type: Book Published: 1996 Ray shows that Native culture played an important -- and largely unrecognized -- part in Canada's economic development. Rather than being "civilized" by European explorers, the indigenous people were already accomplished traders, artisans, farmers and hunters. An Inspiration Named Chubby Resource Type: Article Published: 2011 Theodore Fontaine's memorr of his 12 years in a residential school. The Mother Behind the Galway Children's Mass Grave Story 'I Want to Know Who's Down There' Resource Type: Article Published: 2014 It was amateur historian Catherine Corless's painstaking research that brought news of the children's mass grave in Tuam to the world's attention. She tells how her search for the truth turned her life upside-down. A National Crime The Canadian Government and the Residential School System, 1879-1986 Resource Type: Book Published: 1999 Milloy chronicles the heart-breaking realities of the Residential School. This institiution separated thousands of Native children from their families in the Canadian Government's pursuit of "aggressive civilization." The Ojibwa of Southern Ontario Resource Type: Book Published: 1991 A history of the Ojibwa in Southern Ontario. Other Voices: The Connexions Newsletter - July 31, 2014 Truth, justice and reconciliation Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 2014 Articles on truth, justice and reconciliation efforts in countries affected by civil war or internal conflict; Bone Collectors: the fate of the remains of Australian aboriginal people stolen from their burial grounds and dispersed to museums; the Galway children's mass grave; and Which came first: Palestinian rockets or Israeli violence? The topic of the week is the Israeli military. Other Voices: The Connexions Newsletter - August 21, 2014 Killings by Police Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 2014 Topic of the week is Killings by Police. Articles on the way the Ebola crisis illuminates the moral bankruptcy of capitalism; Responding the capitalist crisis, in 1914 and 2014; Globaling Gaza: Israel's leading role in undemining international law; and Marinaleda, a town in Spain attempting to create alternatives based on democracy, co-operation, and mutual aid. Group of the Week is Librarians and Archivists with Palestine. Other Voices: The Connexions Newsletter - June 5, 2015 Residential schools Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 2015 This issue of Other Voices focuses on residential schools. As documented by the just-released report of Canada's Truth and Reconciliation Commission, residential schools were set up to forcibly 'assimilate' Native children by taking them away from their parents and communities, and depriving them of their language, culture, history, and emotional supports. Based as they were on a system of arbitrary power and cruelty, it is not surprising that they also fostered physical and sexual abuse of the children forced into the schools. We spotlight the report and the recommendations of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, as well as films, books, and survivor stories. Also in this issue: the Orwellian language and tactics being used to sell 'anti-terrorist' legislation, mind-boggling subsidies for the fossil fuel industry, and, on the other side of the ledger, stories of courage and resistance. Our Spirits Don't Speak English Resource Type: Film/Video Published: 2008 A documentary film about the Native American boarding schools. Pictures Bring Us Messages Sinaakssiiksi aohtsimaahpihkookiyaawa. Photographs and Histories from the Kainai Nation Resource Type: Book Published: 2006 An example of museum professionals working with member of an aboriginal community to explore photographs taken of members of that community many decades earlier. Report on Australian Stolen Generations Bringing Them Home Report Resource Type: Article Published: 1997 Report of the National Inquiry into the Separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children from Their Families. This report is a tribute to the strength and struggles of many thousands of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people affected by forcible removal. We acknowledge the hardships they endured and the sacrifices they made. We remember and lament all the children who will never come home. Sleeping Children Awake Resource Type: Film/Video Published: 1992 A feature length documentary video outlining the history of the residential school system and its effect on generations of First Nations’ people in Canada. Still Surviving: Reconciliation Through Everyday Rebellion Resource Type: Article Published: 2015 Residential school survivors rebuild through small acts of hope and resistance. Stolen Generations Wikipedia article Resource Type: Article The Stolen Generations (also known as Stolen children) were the children of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander descent who were removed from their families by the Australian Federal and State government agencies and church missions, under acts of their respective parliaments. The removals occurred in the period between approximately 1909 and 1969. They Came for the Children: Truth Commission Sheds Light on Canada's Genocide Against Indigenous Peoples Resource Type: Article Published: 2016 Imagine a village with all its children gone. For aboriginal peoples all across Canada, this was their lived reality, not the stuff of imagination. The story of what happened to the children -- who were forcibly removed from their families and sent to military-style camps that were euphemistically called "schools" -- has at last been told, compiled in the monumental six-volume Truth and Reconciliation Report on residential schools for aboriginal children released in 2015. This Benevolent Experiment Indigenous Boarding Schools, Genocide, and Redress in the United States and Canada Resource Type: Book Published: 2015 A multi-layered comparative analysis of indigenous boarding schools in the US and Canada. Voicing the Past: A Presentation to Residential School Survivors Resource Type: Article Published: 2009 We Were Children Resource Type: Film/Video Published: 2012 A 2012 documentary film about the experiences of First Nations children in the Canadian Indian residential school system.

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