- African-American Self-Defense
Guns and the Freedom Struggle
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2015
A Review of "This Noviolent Stuff'll Get You Killed: How Guns Made the Cvil Rights Movement Possible" by Carles E. Cobb. Jr.
- African-American Self-Defense
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2015
A review of Charles E. Cobb Jr.'s book, "This Non-violent Stuff'll Get You Killed" on the role of guns in the US civil rights movement of the 1960s.
- American Revolutionary
The Evolution of Grace Lee Boggs
Resource Type: Film/Video
Published: 2014
A documentary about the ideas and activism of 98-year-old Grace Lee Boggs, covering her lifetime of vital thinking and action, traversing the major U.S. social movements of the last century; from labour to civil rights, to Black Power, feminism, the Asian American and environmental justice movements and beyond. Boggs’s constantly evolving strategy -- her willingness to re-evaluate and change tactics in relation to the world shifting around her -- drives the story forward.
- Challenging the Mississippi Fire Bombers
Memories of Mississippi 1964-65
Resource Type: Book
Published: 2013
With a firsthand account of the details and thoughtful descriptions of key people on the front lines, author Jim Dann brings the historic period, the June 1964 civil rights struggle to register as many African American voters as possible in Mississippi, back to life. He places those 15 months in Mississippi in the overall history of the struggle of African Americans for freedom, equality, and democratic rights in the South, the country, and throughout the world.
- The Cold War and the Civil Rights Movement
For Black Liberation Through Socialist Revolution!
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2010
The mass mobilization of black people in the Southern civil rights movement, and the subsequent Northern ghetto rebellions, disrupted and challenged the racist American bourgeois order. It shattered the anti-Communist consensus and it paved the road for the mass protest movements that followed—against the U.S. dirty war in Vietnam, for the rights of women, gays, students and others.
- Collective Courage
A History of African American Cooperative Economic Thought and Practice
Resource Type: Book
Published: 2014
In Collective Courage, Jessica Gordon Nembhard chronicles African American cooperative business ownership and its place in the movements for Black civil rights and economic equality.
- Communist Organizing in the Jim Crow South
What's Not in The Great Debaters
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2008
The Great Debaters is a well-made movie. But in its paeans to dedication and debate, it downplays the real social struggle that was going on in the U.S. in the 1930s, including by black people in the South.
- Defeat of Reconstruction and the Betrayal of Black Freedom Part Two
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2014
During Reconstruction, black people fought to assert their American-ness. Throughout the South, it was blacks and their allies who would march, parade and celebrate the Fourth of July, but not out of gross and vulgar American patriotism. Rather, it was part of a struggle to uphold the ideals of freedom and liberty that came with the Civil War and the promise of equality that came with Reconstruction.
- The Dialectics of Community Control
Resource Type: Article
Published: 1970
The movement for community control will fall short often, unless it becomes a broader struggle for popular, democratic control of all public institutions and the economy.
- Failure To Quit
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2016
Zinn argues that pessimism over the so-called 'me generation' apparent apathy was unfounded, and that activist ideals do consistently carry over across generations.
- For Black Liberation Through Socialist Revolution! Part Two
How the Liberals and Reformists Derailed the Struggle for Integration
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2004
There is a lot of talk today about multiculturalism, diversity, whiteness and "racialized subjects" and other liberal jargon that essentially attempts to erase the centrality of anti-black racism and black oppression in racist capitalist America.
- For Black Liberation Through Socialist Revolution! Part One
Contradictions of the Civil Rights Movement: A Marxist Analysis
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2012
We describe the black population in the U.S. as an oppressed race-color caste. From their arrival in this country, the Negro people have been an integral part of American class society while at the same time forcibly segregated at the bottom of this society. Thus blacks face discrimination, in different degrees, regardless of social status, wealth or class position. Blacks are today still an integral and strategic part of the working class, despite unemployment and mass incarceration.
- Freedom indivisible: Gays and Lesbians in the African American Civil Rights movement
PhD Thesis, University of Nebraska, 2013
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2013
- Freedom is a Constant Struggle
The Civil Rights Movement in the Rural South Reconsidered
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2013
Is it possible to both win substantial benefits for people who are on the lower rungs of the socio-economic status ladder while at the same time building forms of democratic people power that can continue to challenge the present political oligarchy and the economic plutocracy whose interests it generally serves?
- Freedom Now Vision Unfinished
Book Review of LeBlanc and Yates's "A Freedom Budget for All Americans"
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2014
Miah critiques LeBlanc and Yates' analysis of the Civil Rights Revolution, in light of the fact that the Freedom Budget issued during this time remains unfulfilled.
- Freedom Schools: The Curriculum
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2014
Oppenheimer analyzes the curriculum taught in the 1964 Freedom Schools, which were designed to help Black students understand oppressive American social structures in and to think about them critically.
- Freedom Summer, 1964: An Overview
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2015
The Mississippi Summer Project of 1964, better known as "Freedom Summer," brought in volunteers to help with attempts to register Black voters who had long been prevented by chicanery and terror from doing so. At the same time, in view of the miserable conditions in the state's segregated public schools, the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) planned to create "freedom schools" in which volunteers (mostly the whites from the North) would, that summer, teach Black young people in subjects ranging from basic education to Black history and leadership skills.
- Freedom Summer, 1964: An Overview
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2014
Oppenheimer provides a historical overview of the events leading up to and surrounding the 1964 Freedom Summer, when organizers worked to register Black voters in segregationist Deep South in the United States.
- Freedom Summer Remembered
Interview with Walter Kaufman
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2014
Walter Kaufman is a retired attorney, psychotherapist and former community college teacher living in Berkeley, California. He was a participant in the 1964 Freedom Summer, working in Philadelphia, Mississippi. Against the Current editor David Finkel interviewed him for the 50th anniversary of the Freedom Summer project.
- Freedom Summer Remembered
Interview with Walter Kaufmann
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2014
Finkel interviews retired community college teacher Walter Kaufmann about his experiences in the Freedom Summer project and teaching in the Freedom Schools.
- The Hidden History of the SNCC Research Department
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2017
SNCC may have been the most important organization of the postwar civil rights movement. It grew out of the wave of sit-ins in 1960 and was guided initially by Ella Baker, the foundational organizer whose emphasis on bottom-up organizing and democracy deeply shaped SNCC’s vision and methods.
- If only we could revive the fruitful tension between Martin Luther King and Malcolm X
Reflections on Dr King’s death have overlooked how his liberal universalism and Malcolm X’s separatism gave each other strength
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2018
Kenan argues that conflict averse approach to activism blunts the edge of contemporary social movements for change.
- The Importance of Making Trouble: In conversation with Frances Fox Piven
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2016
Coversation with Frances Fox Piven, a Distinguished Professor of Political Science and Sociology at the City of University of New York Graduate Centre and the past president of the American Sociological Association, about the importnace of social movements and upcoming 2016 US election.
- The Influence of the Civil Rights and Black Power Movement in Canada
Resource Type: Article
Published: 1995
Published in Race, Gender and Class, 2.3 (Spring 1995)
- Lessons of the Civil Rights Movement (Part One)
Police Terror and Black Oppression
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2015
Police reform is a hoax and a hustle. Federal investigations go nowhere and the Democrats are simply the soft cops of the capitalist system. There is no road to black liberation and the liberation of all working people short of workers revolution.
- Lessons of the Civil Rights Movement (Part Two)
Police Terror and Black Oppression
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2015
Formal, legal inequality in the South was susceptible to reform. But getting rid of the economic and social reality that is black oppression in America -- from de facto segregation and poverty to police brutality -- is not subject to reform because it is integral to the capitalist system.
- A Marxist History of the World part 99: 1968 - the long sleep ends
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2012
The long sleep of the post-war period was brought to an end in 1968, as revolts erupted across the developed world.
- Montgomery Bus Boycott
Resource Type: Article
Published: 1955
A successful year-long protest against the segregation of buses in Montgomery, Alabama.
- The New Student Left
An Anthology
Resource Type: Book
Published: 1967
A collection of essays by active participants in the 1960s student movement on American college campuses.
- Organizing that Changed Mississippi
Book Review of Salter Jr.'s "Jackson Mississippi" and Moody's "Coming of Age in Mississippi"
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2014
A review of two books about the Mississippi's civil rights movement in 1965 from the perspectives of an African-American female student and a Native American male professor.
- Other Voices: The Connexions Newsletter - October 8, 2015
Elections
Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
Published: 2015
Elections are the topic of the week, with items related to the October 19 Canadian federal election, and also to broader issues of parliamentary democracy, voting and whether voting can bring about change, and the neo-liberal attack on democracy. Articles look at the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement, the financial takeovers of Ukraine and Greece, and debt bondage. Also: a discussion of James Hansen's fossil fuel exit strategy, and a critique of Alinsky-style organizing.
- Other Voices: The Connexions Newsletter - February 20, 2016
Connexions Enters Its Fifth Decade
Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
Published: 2016
This issue of Connexions Other Voices falls on the 40th anniversary of the publication of the very first Connexions newsletter, which was published in February 1976. That first issue carried the title "Canadian Information Sharing Service", which was also the name of the collective which compiled it, from submissions from across Canada. Within a couple of years, the name of the publication became "Connexions" and then, a little later, "The Connexions Digest".
In addition to our own history, in this issue we spotlight black history as our topic of the week. We look at the Haitian revolution, when slaves confronted the French empire and won; black resistance against the Ku Klux Klan in the American South, and the meaning and limits of anti-racism. We also look at the Kurdish liberation movement in Rojava, the dangers posed by geoengineering, and we mark the publication of the Communist Manifesto on February 21, 1848.
- Other Voices: The Connexions Newsletter - February 17, 2018
Hearts and Minds: How do People Change?
Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
Published: 2018
How can we reach the millions we need to reach and engage if fundamental change is to happen? How can we accomplish the essential task of persuading a majority of the population that a fundamental social and economic transformation is necessary? Even more importantly, what will it take for people to come together and act collectively to bring about that transformation? What can we do to help make this happen?
- Our Generation
Volume 2 Number 4
Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
Published: 1963
- Our Generation
Volume 7 Number 2
Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
Published: 1970
- Passionate Declarations
Essays on War and Justice
Resource Type: Book
Published: 2003
Essays looking at American political ideology.
- The Power of the People
Active Nonviolence in the United States
Resource Type: Book
A pictorial encyclopedia of the struggles of the U.S. women and men working for peace and justice through nonviolent action. Sections are included on the roots of American nonviolence, the women's rights movement, struggles against slavery, the labour movements, conscientious objection, nuclear pacifism, the Civil Rights movement, ecological struggles, peace encampments, and more.
- Remembering Mississippi, 1964-65
Interview with Claudia Morcom
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2014
Dianne Feeley and David Finkel from the ATC editorial board spoke with Judge Morcom about her work in Mississippi during Freedom Summer 1964 and subsequently from September 1964 through October 1965, as Southern Regional Director for the National Lawyers Guild’s program of legal assistance for civil rights workers.
- Remembering Mississippi, 1964-65
Interview with Claudia Morcom
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2014
Feeley and Finkel interview Morcom about her work in Mississippi during Freedom Summer 1964 and subsequently from September 1964 through October 1965, as Southern Regional Director for the National Lawyers Guild's program of legal assistance for civil rights workers.
- Revolution of Conscience
Martin Luther King Jr., and the Philosophy of Nonviolence
Resource Type: Book
Published: 1998
Moses explores key ideas about Martin Luther King Jr. and his philosophy in relation to the American civil rights movement, racial equality and nonviolence.
- Selma (film)
Resource Type: Film/Video
Published: 2014
A 2014 historical drama film directed by Ava DuVernay, based on the 1965 Selma to Montgomery voting rights marches led by James Bevel, Hosea Williams, and Martin Luther King, Jr. of SCLC and John Lewis of SNCC.
- Steady Hands for Freedom
Book Review
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2014
Book Review of "Hands on the Freedom Plow: Personal Accounts by Women in SNCC" by Faith S. Holsaert, et. al
- This Nonviolent Stuff'll Get You Killed
How Guns Made the Civil Rights Movement Possible
Resource Type: Book
Published: 2014
Charles Cobb, a veteran civil rights activist who served as a field secretary for the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee in the American South, unfolds a powerful narrative about Southern grass-roots black individuals and groups who played essential roles in African-American resistance. He reveals how they acted to protect black people and their allies throughout the ages with the careful use of violent self-defense methods.
- The todayness of Selma, USA, 1965
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2015
The arrest of over 3,500 Negroes in Selma, Ala., in three weeks just because they tried to vote, the sight of a Negro woman pinned to the ground by three fat deputies of Sheriff James Clark while Clark beat her face in with his billy club, the sight of a long line of Negro high school and grade school boys and girls who demonstrated in support of their parents' right to register and then were forced to run three miles with police billy clubs and electric cattle prods jabbed into their backs and ribs -- these things expose the great lie of President Johnson’s Great Society for all the world to see.
- We Will Shoot Back: Armed Resistance in the Mississippi Freedom Movement
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2014
The black freedom movement is framed in popular memory as distinguished by nonviolent civil disobedience. Yet in multiple southern towns, black people used armed self-defense to protect their communities and lives.
- Ida B. Wells
A Black Woman's Fight Against Lynch Terror
Resource Type: Article
Published: 2014
Born a slave in 1862 in the middle of the Civil War, Ida B. Wells was in the forefront of the fight for black rights in the post-Reconstruction era -- a time of widespread lynch-rope terror when black people, although not returned to slavery, were being solidified as a race-colour caste at the bottom of American society. She refused to accommodate racist reaction in any way and so was anathema to those like Booker T. Washington and his apologists who repudiated militant struggle against the racist status quo.
- You Can't Be Neutral on a Moving Train
A personal history of our times
Resource Type: Book
Published: 2002
Zinn tells his personal stories about more than thirty years of fighting for social change, from teaching at Spelman College to recent protests against war.
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