- The ABC of Communism
Resource Type: Book Published: 1920 Written as a commentary on the Bolshevik Party program, combining a vision of communist society with a program for practical action.
- The Age of Permanent Revolution
A Trotsky Anthology Resource Type: Book Published: 1964 A collection of writings by Leon Trotsky.
- "All Power to the Soviets!" Biography of a Slogan
Resource Type: Article Published: 2017 An examination of the origins of the slogan "All Power to the Soviets" in its original context of Russia in 1917.
- The Anarchists in the Russian Revolution
Documents of revolution Resource Type: Book Published: 1973 A selection of articles, manifestos, speeches, resolutions, letter, diaries, poems, and songs which seek to capture the spirit of the anarchist movement in Rissia.
- Bolshevik Party
Entry in the Marxists Internet Archive Glossary Resource Type: Article The Bolshevik party led the Russian Revolution of 1917.
- The Bolshevik Revolution 1917 - 1923 - Volume One
A History of Soviet Russia Resource Type: Book Published: 1969 The first volume of E.H. Carr's eight-volume history of Soviet Russia,, containing an analysis of those events and controversies in Bolshevik history between 1898 and 1917 which influenced the nature and course of the Revolution itself.
- The Bolshevik Revolution 1917 - 1923 - Volume Two
A history of Soviet Russia Resource Type: Book Published: 1966
- The Bolshevik Revolution 1917 - 1923 - Voume Three
Volume 3 Resource Type: Book Published: 1971
- Bolshevik Women
Resource Type: Book Published: 1997 A history of the contributions of women to the Soviet Communist Party before 1921 in Russia.
- The Bolsheviks
Index to the biographies and writings of members of the Party that made the October 1917 Revolution in Russia. Resource Type: Website
- The Bolsheviks Come to Power
The Revolution of 1917 in Petrograd Resource Type: Book Published: 2009 An account of how the Bolshevik revolution triumphed.
- The Bolsheviks in Power
The First Year of Soviet Rule in Petrograd Resource Type: Book Published: 2007
- The Bolsheviks and Workers' Control
The State and Counter-Revolution Resource Type: Book Published: 1970 A pamphlet exposing the struggle that took place over the running of workplaces in the immediate aftermath of the Russian Revolution. In doing so not only does it demolish the romantic Leninist "history" of the relationship between the working class and their party during these years (1917-21) but it also provides a backbone to understanding why the Russian revolution failed in the way it did. From this understanding flows alternative possibilities of revolutionary organization.
- Bolshevism and Stalinism
Resource Type: Article Published: 1947 From any view that goes beyond the capitalist system of exploitation, Stalinism and Trotskyism are both relics of the past.
- Brinton, Maurier - Writings - Index
Resource Type: Article Writings of Maurice Brinton (1923-2005).
- Broué, Pierre - Writings - Index
Resource Type: Article Writings of Pierre Broué (1926 2005).
- The Contradiction of Trotsky
Resource Type: Article Published: 1948 It was worth examining carefully Trotsky's attitude at the dawn of Stalinism, for it enables us to elucidate the (theoretical) policy to which he adhered until his death. I have said that Trotsky represented, between 1923 and 1927, the contradictions of Bolshevism. I should now add that he never emerged from this divided situation. Subsequently he transported into the domain of revolutionary theory the contradiction in which he had become objectively enclosed. Of course, he was forced by events to perceive the counter-revolutionary character of Stalinism, but he was not capable of taking an overall view of the new Stalinist society and of defining it.
- Council Communism & The Critique of Bolshevism
Resource Type: Article Published: 1999 Council Communists don't see Stalinism as a sort of 'counter-revolution' that deprived October of its fruits. Rather they see Stalinism just as a fruit of this revolution, one that opened the door for capitalism in Russia. Stalin was the heir of Bolshevism and the Bolshevik Revolution.
- A Dictionary of Marxist Thought
Resource Type: Book Published: 1983
- 100 Wörter des Jahrhunderts
Resource Type: Book Published: 1999
- Failure of a Dream?
Essays in the History of American Socialism Resource Type: Book Published: 1974 Examines the reasons for the relative weakness of American socialism.
- From Bolshevism to the Bureaucracy
Resource Type: Book Published: 1962 Among the innumerable questions raised by the fate of the Russian Revolution, two form the poles around which we may organise all the others. The first question is: What kind of society was produced by the degeneration of the revolution? (What is the nature and the dynamic of this regime? What is the Russian bureaucracy? What is its relation to capitalism and to the proletariat? What is its place in history? What are its present problems?)
- From Lenin to Stalin
Resource Type: Book Published: 1973 A fascinating, first-hand account of the Stalinist takeover in Russia.
- From Lenin to Stalin: Book Review
Resource Type: Unclassified Published: 1973 A fascinating, first-hand account of the Stalinist takeover in Russia.
- Germany's lost Bolshevik: Paul Levi revisited
A review of David Fernbach (ed), In the Steps of Rosa Luxemburg: Selected Writings by Paul Levi Resource Type: Article Published: 2012 Paul Levis name is almost unknown today outside a small community of specialised historians. But in the years 1919 and 1920 he was well known in Germany and abroad as the chair of the young Communist Party of Germany (KPD). He would become the most controversial figure in the German Communist movement. He was mainly responsible for building the KPD from a relatively small organisation in early 1918 into a truly mass party.
- The Hero' of Kronstadt Writes History
Review of The Revolution Betrayed Resource Type: Article Published: 1937 It is only necessary to reflect on the paramount role which Trotsky played in the first thundering years of Bolshevik Russia to understand why he cannot admit that the Bolshevik revolution was only able to change the form of capitalism but was not able to do away with the capitalist form of exploitation. It is the shadow of that period that lies in the way of his understanding.
- The History of Democracy
A Marxist Interpretation Resource Type: Book Published: 2013 Roper traces the history of democracy from ancient Athens to the emergence of liberal representative and socialist participatory democracy. He argues that democracy cannot be understood separately from the social and economic contexts in which democratic states operate.
- Imperialism: Pioneer of Capitalism
Resource Type: Book Published: 1980 Argues that the accepted theories of imperialism are profoundly flawed.
- International Communism in the Era of Lenin
A Documentary History Resource Type: Book Published: 1972
- The Invading Socialist Society
Resource Type: Book Published: 1947 History has shown that in moments of great social crisis, its farthest flights fall short of the reality of the proletarian revolution. Never was the proletariat so ready for the revolutionary struggle, never was the need for it so great, never was it more certain that the proletarian upheaval, however long delayed, will only the more certainly take humanity forward in the greatest leap forward it has hitherto made. The periods of retreat, of quiescence, of inevitable defeats are mere episodes in the face of the absolute nature of the crisis.
- The Kronstadt Commune
Resource Type: Book Published: 1971 A history of the Kronstadt Uprising 1921 which highlights one of the most important yet neglected events of the Russian Revolution. The suppression of the most revolutionary section of the Navy by the Bolsheviks was the final blow to any hope of a genuine revolution based on democratic workers' control. Mett dispels many of the contemporary mistruths put forward by Bolshevik propagandists and includes a number of original sources from the commune.
- Kronstadt rebellion
Connexipedia Article Resource Type: Article An uprising of Soviet sailors, soldiers and civilians against the Bolshevik government in 1921.
- "Left-Wing" Communism
An Infantile Disorder Resource Type: Book Published: 1918 Lenin's repsonse to ultraleftists who advocate 'no compromises' and refuse to work in 'reactionary' trade unions and parliamentary elections.
- Left-wing uprisings against the Bolsheviks
Connexipedia Article Resource Type: Article A series of rebellions and uprisings against the Bolsheviks led or supported by left wing groups.
- Lenin
Resource Type: Book Published: 2011
- Lenin 1917-18: the road to the authoritarian state.
Resource Type: Article Published: 2014 Lenins focus when he returned to Russia in 1917 was on the facts of the revolution, rather than outdated Bolshevik theory. He began with what was real, rather than an abstract possibility.
- Lenin and the Vanguard Party
Resource Type: Article Published: 1963 To believe that Bolshevism, or to be more precise, Leninism, would under the circumstances advocate or preach the theory of the vanguard party is to continue slander of Leninism, but not to his theory of the party (that is no longer viable) but to his central doctrine - the role of the proletariat in the preservation of society from barbarism. To interpret Leninism as the advocacy of a vanguard party of three million is nearly as bad as the doctrine of Goebbels that Christ was not a Jew. Objective circumstances in Russia forced Lenin into a certain position. He accepted it without apologising for it. He knew what he was doing and he knew also, for he said it many times, what he was not doing. His doubts about it, not only for other countries but for Russia, he made public many, many times.
- Lenin as Philosopher
Resource Type: Book Published: 1948 Since the importance of Lenin's philosophy is so strongly emphasised in Leninist organizations, it is necessary to make it the subject of a serious critical study. The doctrine of Party-Communism of the Third International cannot be judged adequately unless their philosophical basis is thoroughly examined.
- Lenin as Philosopher
Some additional remarks to Anton Pannekoek's recent criticism of Lenin's book Materialism and Empirio-Criticism Resource Type: Article Published: 1938 Both in his revolutionary materialist philosophy and m his revolutionary jacobinic politics, Lenin hid from himself the historical truth that his Russian revolution, in spite of a temporary attempt to break through its particular limitations in connection with the simultaneous revolutionary movement of the proletarian class in the West, was bound to remain in fact a belated successor of the great bourgeois revolutions of the past.
- Lenin and the Bolshevik Party: A revolutionary collective
Resource Type: Article Published: 2018 The Russian Revolution of 1917 clearly reveals the complexities of Bolshevism Lenin's party as a revolutionary collective.
- Lenin in 1917
Resource Type: Article Published: 1925
- Lenin, Trotsky and the Vanguard Party
A Contemporary View Resource Type: Article Published: 1964
- Lenin, Vladimir - Writings - Index
Resource Type: Article
- Lenin's April Theses and the Russian Revolution
Resource Type: Article Published: 2017 In 1917 Lenin arrived from exile iin Petrograd, soon to give an outline of what were to be called the April Theses. Broadly, the theses can be summarised as follows: Only the overthrow of the provisional government and the fight for soviet power could secure a state of affairs that would bring bread to the workers, land to the peasants and peace to end the imperialist war.
- Leon Trotsky Speaks
Resource Type: Book Published: 1972 A selection of Trotsky's speeches.
- The Lessons of October
Resource Type: Article Published: 1924
- Marxism and Freedom
From 1776 to Today Resource Type: Book Published: 2000 Dunayevskaya argues that Marx's theory is the generalisation of the instinctive striving of the proletariat for a new social order, a truly human society.
- A Marxist History of the World part 71: Dual power: the mechanics of revolution
Resource Type: Article Published: 2012 The centuries old Russian monarchy was overthrown in a matter of days in February 1917. Neil Faulkner looks at the months of turmoil that followed.
- A Marxist History of the World part 72: February to October the rhythms of revolution
Resource Type: Article Published: 2012 The situation of 'dual power' that emerged after the overthrow of the Tsar in February 1917 was marked by a series of major political crises.
- A Marxist History of the World part 73: 1917: the October Insurrection
Resource Type: Article Published: 2012
- A Marxist History of the World part 80: Stalinism: the bitter fruit of revolutionary defeat
Resource Type: Article Published: 2012 Neil Faulkner looks at the time when the Bolshevik regime turned in on itself and morphed into a mockery of its socialist ideals.
- Marxists Internet Archive
Resource Type: Website Large archive of the writings of Marx and Engels and of others in the Marxist tradition. Searchable.
- Mattick, Paul - Writings - Index
Resource Type: Article Writings of Paul Mattick (1904-1981).
- Memoirs of a Revolutionary 1901- 1941
Resource Type: Book Published: 1967 Victor Serge, who was bron in 1890 and died in 1947, was an anarchist, a Bolshevik, a Trotskyist, and a revisionist-Marxist. Belgian by birth and upbringing, French by adoption and in literary expression, Russian by parentage and later by citizenship, he eventually became stateless and was put down as a Spanish national for purposes of his funeral documents. He was a journalist, a poet, a pamphleteer, a historian, a political prisoner, an agitator, and a novelist.
- The Modern Encyclopedia of Russian and Soviet History
Resource Type: Book
- My Life
Resource Type: Book Published: 1970 Trotsky's autobiography, published in 1930.
- The Myth of Lenin's 'Concept of The Party'
What They Did to What Is To Be Done? Resource Type: Article Published: 1990 Lenin protested more than once that his initial formulations in WITBD were being distorted and misinterpreted by opponents, after which he went on to clarify and modify. If we want to know Lenin's 'concept of the party' we must look at the formulations he came to, after there had been discussions and attacks.
- National liberation and Bolshevism reexamined: A view from the borderlands - An analysis of the socialist debates on the national question up through 1914
A view from the Czarist empire's borderlands obliges us to rethink assumptions about the revolutions of 1905 and 1917 Resource Type: Article Published: 2014 The following paper analyzes the socialist debates on the national question up through 1914. I argue that an effective strategy of anti-colonial Marxism was first put forward by the borderland socialists, not the Bolsheviks. Lenin and his comrades lagged behind the non-Russian Marxists on this crucial issue well into the Civil War.
- National Liberation and Bolshevism Reexamined
A View from the Borderlands Resource Type: Article Published: 2014 A view from the Czarist empire's borderlands obliges us to rethink many long-held assumptions about the revolutions of 1905 and 1917, as well as the development of Marxist approaches to national liberation, peasant struggle, permanent revolution, and the emancipation of women.
- 1905
Resource Type: Book Published: 1972 For a number of years, when the reaction was triumphant, the year 1905 appeared to us as a completed whole, as the Russian revolution.
- Obsolete Communism
The Left-Wing Alternative Resource Type: Book Published: 1969 An account of the May 1968 uprising in Paris, positing a left radical alternative to the encrusted beliefs of the old left and the right. A comment on power, on bureaucracy, and on the paths to liberation.
- Organizational Platform of the General Union of Anarchists
Resource Type: Article Published: 1926 In 1926 a group of exiled Russian anarchists in France, the Delo Truda (Workers' Cause) group, published this pamphlet.
- Organizational Questions of the Russian Social Democracy
Resource Type: Article Published: 1904 Rosa Luxemburg's contribution to the debate within the Russian Social Democratic movement on party organization and democratic centralism. Luxemburg joins Trotsky in warning of the dangers inherent in centralism and argues against the concentration of power in a Central Committee. From a Socialist Revolutionary perspective Luxemburg puts forward compelling arguments against Lenin's conception of the revolutionary party.
- Our Generation
Volume 12 Number 2 Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
- Paul D'Amato and the Red Condom
Resource Type: Article Published: 2012
- Paul Levi: A Luxemburgist Alternative?
A review of In the Steps of Rosa Luxemburg: Selected Writings of Paul Levi Resource Type: Article Published: 2012 Among the adversaries of capitalism, some have argued that a revolution could have been achieved differently and better in the spirit of Rosa Luxemburg, who wrote a critique of the Bolsheviks undemocratic policies as early as 1918. Paul Levi, Luxemburgs lawyer, briefly her lover, her follower, and from 1919 to 1921 her successor at the head of German Communism, was the first to defend a Luxemburgist alternative to Bolshevism.
- The Penguin Atlas of World History - Vol. 2: From the French Revolution to the Present
Resource Type: Book Published: 1978
- A People's History of the World
From the Stone Age to the New Millennium Resource Type: Book Published: 1999 Harman describes the shape and course of human history as a narrative of ordinary people forming and re-forming complex societies in pursuit of common human goals.
- Practice and Theory of Bolshevism
Resource Type: Book Published: 1962
- Prelude to Revolution
The Petrograd Bolsheviks and the July 1917 Uprising Resource Type: Book Published: 1991 About the role of the Bolsheviks in the period between the February and October 1917 revolutions, concentrating on their role in the July uprising in Petrograd.
- Real Utopia
Participatory Society for the twenty-first century Resource Type: Book Published: 2008 Real Utopia identifies and obliterates the barriers to an egalitarian, bottom-up society, while convincingly outlining how to build it.
- Red Emma Speaks
Selected Writings and Speeches by Emma Goldman Resource Type: Book Published: 1972 A collection of essays which provide a comprehensive view of Emma Goldman's theories and beliefs.
- The Red Menace
A libertarian socialist newsletter Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 1980 Articles on topics such as socialism, Marxism, anarchism, work, popular education, organizing, wages for housework, Leninism, bureaucracy, hierarchy, jargon, prostitution, obscenity, science fiction, and terrorism.
- Revolutionary Organisation and Open Letter to IS
Resource Type: Article Published: 1972 A 1972 pamphlet incorporating two previously published texts, 'Revolutionary Organisation' (1961) and 'An Open Letter to I.S.' (1968). They are presented as "a contribution to the serious discussing now taking place, within the ranks of revolutionaryies, as to what kind of organisation is necessary."
- Revolutionary reels: Soviet propaganda film and the Russian Revolution
Resource Type: Article Published: 2019 However, the Bolsheviks would revolutionize Russian cinema as leaders recognized the potential of film propaganda as a way to influence the political and social attitudes of the people. Vladimir Lenin clearly understood the power of film, as he stated, "Of all the arts, for us, cinema is most important."
- The Role of Bolshevik Ideology in the Birth of the Bureaucracy
Resource Type: Article Published: 1962 People have not finished talking about the Russian Revolution, its problems, its degeneration, and about the regime it ultimately produced. And how could one? Of all the revolts of the working class, the Russian Revolution was the only victorious one. And of all the working class's failures, it was the most thoroughgoing and the most revealing.
- Rosa Luxemburg
Abridged Edition Resource Type: Book Published: 1969 A biography of Luxemburg by a British academic.
- Rosa Luxemburg, Women's Liberation, and Marx's Philosophy of Revolution
Resource Type: Book Published: 1982 Part I - Rosa Luxemburg as Theoretician, as Activist, as Internationalist. Part II - The Women's Liberation Movement as Revolutionary Force and Reason. Part III - Karl Marx: From Critic of Hegel to Author of Capital and Theorist of "Revolution in Permanence."
- Russia in Revolution
Resource Type: Book Published: 1967
- Russia in Revolution 1900-1930
Resource Type: Book Published: 1978 A portrait of thirty years of political and artistic upheaval.
- The Russian Enigma: Lenin, Also...
Chapter 9 of Book 3 of The Russian Enigma, cut by the publisher of the original 1938 version Resource Type: Article Published: 1979 Chapter 9 of Book 3 of Ante Ciliga's The Russian Enigma originally published as In The Land of The Great Lie. The book details Ciliga's time spent in Soviet Prisons and 'isolaters' following his arrest for belonging to the Trotskyist Opposition, and provides a wealth of important documentary information concerning the miserable conditions in which the working class were reduced to living in, the extent of the 'criminalisation' of large swathes of the population, and the various forms in which resistance appeared.
- The Russian Revolution
Resource Type: Book Published: 1961 The basic lesson of every great revolution, the law of its being, decrees: either the revolution must advance at a rapid, stormy, resolute tempo, break down all barriers with an iron hand and place its goals ever farther ahead, or it is quite soon thrown backward behind its feeble point of departure and suppressed by counter-revolution. To stand still, to mark time on one spot, to be contented with the first goal it happens to reach, is never possible in revolution. And he who tries to apply the home-made wisdom derived from parliamentary battles between frogs and mice to the field of revolutionary tactics only shows thereby that the very psychology and laws of existence of revolution are alien to him.
- The Russian tragedy
Resource Type: Article Published: 1918 There is only one solution to the tragedy in which Russia in caught up: an uprising at the rear of German imperialism, the German mass rising, which can signal the international revolution to put an end to this genocide.
- Selected Works, Volume 10
The Communist International Resource Type: Book
- Selections from the Prison Notebooks
Resource Type: Book Published: 1973 Gramsci's Notebooks cover a wide range of subjects including history, culture, politics, and philosophy.
- Serge, Viktor - Writings - Index
Resource Type: Article Writings of Victor Serge (1890-1947).
- Situationist International Anthology
Resource Type: Book Published: 2006 A selection of Situationist writings.
- Six Red Months in Russia
An Observers Account of Russia Before and During the Proletarian Dictatorship Resource Type: Book Published: 1918 Louise Bryant's account of her time in Russia during the revolution 1917-1918.
- The Socialist Register 1964
Volume 1: A Survey of Movements & Ideas Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 1964
- The Socialist Register 1975
Volume 12: A Survey of Movements & Ideas Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 1975
- The Socialist Register 1984
Volume 21: The Uses of Anti-Communism Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical) Published: 1984
- Socialist Thought
A Documentary History Resource Type: Book Published: 1964 An anthology of important documents in the history of European socialist thought, from pre-revolutionary France to the 1950s.
- Stalin, Marxism-Leninism and the Left
Resource Type: Book Published: 1976
- The State and Revolution
Resource Type: Book Published: 1917 Lenin on the Marxist view of the state and revolution.
- The Tasks of the Proletariat in the Present Revolution
a.k.a. The April Theses Resource Type: Article Published: 1917 This article contains Lenins famous April Theses read by him at two meetings of the All-Russia Conference of Soviets of Workers and Soldiers Deputies, on April 4, 1917.
- Ten Days That Shook The World
Resource Type: Book Published: 1960 John Reed's gripping account of the Russian Revolution of November 1917.
- To The Finland Station
A Study in the Writing and Acting of History Resource Type: Book Published: 1953 The revolutionary tradition in Europe and the rise of socialism.
- Trotsky
A Documentary Resource Type: Book Published: 1972 An illustrated biography of Leon Trotsky.
- Trotsky Reconsidered: Claude Lefort's Perspective
Resource Type: Article Published: 2013 In spite of all the ink spilled that says the opposite, Trotsky may have been closer to Stalin than he was to Lenin. Thats the argument made by Claude Lefort (one of the leading members of Socialisme ou Barbarisme) in a 1948 essay, The Contradiction of Trotsky. He criticizes Trotsky for having over and over again pursued a conciliationist approach towards Stalin and failing to uphold what Lefort claims would have been Lenins positions if he had still been alive.
- Trotskyism and the vanguard party
Resource Type: Article Published: 1974 One of the most consistent achievements of the Trotskyists over the years has been to drive people away from radical politics. The number of burned-out and alienated ex-Trotskyists greatly exceeds the number of active Trotskyists. Their transparently manipulative tactics in the organizations they infiltrate tend to drive ordinary members away, forever wary of anyone identified as a Trotskyist.
- Trotskyism and the Vanguard Party
A critique of Trotskyism Resource Type: Article Challenging the Trotksyist idea of the 'vanguard party'.
- Trotsky's History of the Russian Revolution
Volume One Resource Type: Book Published: 1967 A combination of dramatic narrative and searching analysis by one of the key figures in the Russian Revolution. Volume 1 cover the period up to the July Days a semi-insurrection followed by attempted stamping out of Bolshevism in Petrograd.
- Trotsky's History of the Russian Revolution
Volume Two Resource Type: Book Published: 1967
- Trotsky's History of the Russian Revolution
Volume Three Resource Type: Book Published: 1967
- Two Tactics of Social-Democracy in the Democratic Revolution
Resource Type: Book Published: 1905
- What is to be Done?
Resource Type: Book Published: 1902
- Workers' Opposition
Connexipedia Article Resource Type: Article A group within the Russian Communist Party that struggled to achieve workers rights and trade union control over industry.
- Working Class Experience
Rethinking the History of Canadian Labour, 1800-1991 Resource Type: Book Published: 1992 From nineteenth-century tavern life to late twentieth-century cinema, from rough canallers and the first stirrings of craft unionism to contemporary public-sector strikes, this books provides a sweeping interpretive study of the history of the Canadian working class since 1800.
- Year One of the Russian Revolution
Resource Type: Book Published: 1972 The purpose of Year One of the Russian Revolution is essentially one of reconstructing the chain of events, in the Russia of revolution and counter-revolution, which has led from the 'Commune-State' of 1917 to the party dictatorship of late 1918. The terms of the narrative are fixed by Serge's basic convictions, firstly, that the October Revolution of 1917 was a genuine expression of mass feeling by workers and peasants in their overwhelming majority, and secondly that the revolutionary wave had very quickly exhausted itself, or rather bled itself dry, through the military depredation and economic ruin which wrought havoc in an already enfeebled Russia during the early months following the Bolshevik seizure of power.
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